目的 了解直升机救援人员在高原高寒特殊地区后送伤员时的真实体验，为护理管理者评估、培训和选拔直升机救援护士提供参考。 方法 采用目的抽样法选取参加过直升机救援任务的7名医生和5名护士进行半结构式访谈，采用Colaizzi现象学7步分析法对访谈资料进行分析和整理。 结果 高原高寒地区直升机救援护士需具备的胜任力指标包括：知识、技术、能力与个人特质。 结论 本结果为护理管理者评估、培训和选拔直升机救援护士提供了理论依据，并进而为提升航空医疗救援保障能力奠定了一定基础。

Objective To understand the true experience of helicopter rescue personnel in evacuating casualties in special areas of high altitude and cold,and to provide a reference for the evaluation,training and selection of helicopter rescue nurses. Methods By objective sampling method,7 doctors and 5 nurses who participated in the helicopter rescue mission were selected for semi-structured interviews,and the interview data were analyzed and sorted by the 7-step method of Colaizzi phenomenology. Results The competency indexes of helicopter rescue nurses in plateau and alpine areas included knowledge,technique,ability and personal characteristics. Conclusions The results provide a theoretical basis for nursing managers to evaluate,train and select helicopter rescue nurses,and lay a foundation for improving the ability of aviation medical rescue support.

R473.82;R823