目的 了解养老机构老年人痴呆恐惧现状并分析其影响因素。方法 采用随机数字表法选取唐山市20家养老院的550名老年人为研究对象，采用一般资料调查问卷、痴呆恐惧量表、健康促进生活方式量表和孤独感量表对其进行调查。结果 550名养老机构老年人痴呆恐惧得分为（56.50±10.726）分、健康促进生活方式得分（75.64±14.311）分、孤独感得分（16.64±4.606）分。养老机构老年人痴呆恐惧与健康促进生活方式呈负相关，与孤独感呈正相关（均P＜0.01）。多元线性逐步回归结果显示，痴呆家族史、健康促进生活方式、孤独感、生活负担、遇到痴呆情况以及探望频率是养老机构老年人痴呆恐惧的影响因素（均P＜0.01），可解释总变异的60.8%。结论 养老机构老年人痴呆恐惧处于中等偏高水平，护理人员和机构管理者应重视其痴呆恐惧状况，根据影响因素采取针对性干预措施，以降低养老机构老年人的痴呆恐惧水平。

Objective To understand the fear of dementia of the elderly in the institutions offering services for the elderly and analyze its influencing factors.Methods A total of 550 elderly people from 20 institutions offering services for the elderly in Tangshan were selected as the study subjects by the random number table method,who were evaluated by the general information questionnaire,Fear of Dementia Scale,Health Promoting Lifestyle Scale,and Loneliness Scale.Results The scores of fear of dementia,health promoting lifestyle,and loneliness were (56.50±10.726),(75.64±14.311),and (16.64±4.606),respectively.Fear of dementia was negatively correlated with health promoting lifestyle,but positively correlated with loneliness (all P＜0.01).The results of multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that family history of dementia,health-promoting lifestyle,loneliness,life burden,dementia encountering,and visiting frequency were the influencing factors of fear of dementia in the elderly in the institutions offering services for the elderly (all P＜0.01),which could explain 60.8% of the total variation.Conclusions The fear of dementia in the elderly in the institutions offering services for the elderly is at a medium high level.The nursing staff and administrators should pay attention to the fear of dementia in the elderly,and take targeted intervention measures according to the influencing factors,to reduce the fear of dementia in the elderly in institutions offering services for the elderly.

R473.2

河北省高等学校人文社会科学研究项目（SD 2022098）；河北省社会科学基金项目(HB18RK002)