目的 分析研究脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury,SCI)住院患者泌尿系感染(urinary tract infection,UTI)发生的危险因素，为早期快速识别高危患者、尽早实施护理干预提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2023年8月某三级甲等医院康复科收治的308例SCI患者的临床资料，按其住院期间是否发生UTI分为UTI组和非UTI组，统计两组患者入院时一般资料、脊髓损伤情况、排尿方式及合并症、实验室检查结果等指标，采用二元Logistic回归分析筛选SCI患者住院期间发生UTI的危险因素。结果 308例SCI患者中有62例(20.13%)住院期间发生UTI。两组患者在文化程度、损伤程度、球海绵体反射、入院时合并合并深静脉血栓(deep vein thrombosis,DVT)、入院时合并贫血、排尿方式等项目上的差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。回归分析显示，入院时留置导尿、合并DVT、球海绵体反射消失是SCI住院患者发生UTI的主要影响因素（均P＜0.05）。结论 SCI住院患者UTI发病率较高，护理人员尤其要重视入院时留置导尿、合并DVT和球海绵体反射消失的患者，做好预防措施，从而有效降低院内感染。

Objective To explore the risk factors of urinary tract infection (UTI) in inpatients with spinal cord injury (SCI),and to provide reference for early and rapid identification of high-risk patients and early implementation of nursing intervention.Methods The clinical data of 308 SCI patients admitted to the Rehabilitation Department of a tertiary A hospital from January 2018 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and they were divided into UTI group and non-UTI group according to whether or not they developed UTI during hospitalization.The general information,spinal cord injury,urination mode and comorbiditions,laboratory test results and other indicators of patients in the two groups were analyzed.Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of UTI in patients with SCI during hospitalization.Results Among the 308 patients with SCI,62 (20.13%) developed a UTI during hospitalization.There were significant differences in education level,injury degree,bulbar cavernous reflex,DVT at admission,anemia at admission,and urination mode between the two groups (all P＜0.05).Regression analysis showed that indwelling catheterization,DVT and the disappearance of bulbar cavernous reflex were the main factors affecting the incidence of UTI in SCI inpatients (all P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidence of UTI in SCI inpatients is high.Nursing staff should pay special attention to patients with indwelling catheterization and disappearance of DVT and bulbar cavernous reflex at admission,and take preventive measures to effectively reduce nosocomial infection.

R473.51

国家自然科学基金(82272591,82072534)；西京医院医务人员助推项目（XJZT24LY11）