目的 初步调查肺移植（lung transplant，LT）受者术后健康相关生活质量（health-related quality of life，HRQOL）的纵向变化特点，并分析影响因素。方法 2022年10月至2023年12月，采用便利抽样法选取广州市某三级甲等医院收治的62例LT受者为研究对象，分别于出院前1 d、术后3个月及6个月3个时间点采用简明健康调查量表（medical outcomes study 36- item short form health survey，SF-36）、广泛性焦虑障碍量表（generalized anxiety disorder-7，GAD-7）、患者健康问卷（patient health questionnaire-9，PHQ-9）、移植症状发生和症状困扰量表（modified transplant symptom occurrence and symptom distress scale，MTSOSD）对其开展纵向调查。结果 62例LT受者3个时间点的SF-36总分中位数分别为37.39（24.48，50.29）、59.43（45.48，74.77）、66.86（44.38，83.66）分，随时间推移逐渐升高（P＜0.05）。线性混合模型显示，年龄增长、付费方式、术后住院时间延长、抑郁情绪越重是LT受者HRQOL的危险因素（均P＜0.05），原发疾病诊断、轻度经济负担是其HRQOL的保护因素（均P＜0.05）。结论 LT受者术后HRQOL随时间推移逐渐改善，医护人员应针对其年龄、经济负担程度、付费方式、抑郁情绪等因素，制订个体化干预措施，进一步改善其HRQOL。

Objective To initially investigate the longitudinal characteristics of changes in postoperative health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among lung transplant (LT) recipients and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 62 LT recipients admitted to a tertiary A hospital in Guangzhou from October 2022 to December 2023 as the research subjects.The medical outcomes study 36-item short form health survey (SF-36),generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7),patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9),and modified transplant symptom occurrence and symptom distress scale (MTSOSD) were administered longitudinally at 3 time points: 1 d before hospital discharge，3 months and 6 months after surgery，respectively.Results The median SF-36 total scores of 62 LT recipients at the 3 time points were 37.39 (24.48，50.29)，59.43 (45.48，74.77)，and 66.86 (44.38,83.66)，which gradually increased over time (P＜0.05).The linear mixed model showed that increasing age，payment method，prolonged postoperative hospitalization，and increased depression were risk factors for HRQOL in LT recipients (all P＜0.05)，and diagnosis of primary disease and low financial burden were protective factors for their HRQOL (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Postoperative HRQOL of LT recipients improves over time.Medical staff should develop individualized interventions to further improve their HRQOL according to recipients’ age，level of financial burden，payment method，depressive mood，etc.

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教育部产学合作协同育人项目（220605695305103）；[JP5]广东省本科高校在线开放课程指导委员会研究课题（2022ZXKC085）