目的 分析我国近10年高职专科助产专业布点院校数量变化及地区分布，为优化专业设置提供依据。 方法 分析2014-2024年开设高职专科助产专业布点院校变化。对2024年专业布点院校数量、层次等进行描述性统计；结合人口、出生人口、地理面积，利用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数、泰尔指数，分析区域分布差异。 结果 近10年来高职专科助产专业布点数量增长“先快后慢”。截至2024年底，高职专科助产专业布点院校共276所，院校类型多样，平均每省级行政区8.90所；全国每千万人口、每十万出生人口和每十万平方千米开设高职专科助产专业院校分别为1.96所、2.89所和2.87所。按人口、出生人口配置布点院校分布较均衡。按地理面积配置分布不均衡，差异主要源于地区内，地区间差异也较大。 结论 建议控规模、提质量，尽快将高职专科助产专业纳入国控专业；通过“职普融通”拓宽升学通道，提高助产士学历层次；加强顶层设计，深化省级医教协同，动态调整优化助产专业设置。

Objective To analyze the changes in the number and regional distribution of midwifery programs in higher vocational colleges in China over the past decade,and to provide a basis for program optimization.Methods Changes in institutions offering higher vocational midwifery programs from 2014 to 2024 were examined.Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the number,levels of such institutions in 2024.The Lorenz curve,Gini coefficient,and Theil index were employed to assess regional distribution disparities based on population,birth rate,and geographic area.Results Over the past decade,the number of higher vocational midwifery programs initially grew rapidly but later slowed down.By the end of 2024,there were 276 institutions offering such programs,averaging 8.90 per province.Nationally,there were 1.96 institutions per 10 million population,2.89 per 100,000 births,and 2.87 per 100,000 square kilometers.The distribution of institutions was relatively balanced based on population and birth rate but uneven based on geographic area,with significant disparities both between and within regions.Conclusions It’s suggested to control the general number and improve the quality of midwifery program in China,include the program into the national regulated program list as soon as possible,facilitate midwives to upgrade their academic qualifications through the integration of vocational colleges and regular colleges,strengthen top-level design,deepen medical-educational collaboration on provincial level,and dynamically optimize the setting up of the program.

R47

国家卫生健康委员会科技教育司委托项目（CFTC-BJ01-2408037）