目的 针对我国护士付出-回报失衡的发生率进行系统评价，为护士队伍建设提供理论参考。 方法 检索中国知网、万方、Pubmed等国内外知名数据库中有关我国护士付出-回报失衡发生率的横断面研究，检索时间为建库至2023年12月。运用Stata17.1软件系统对纳入文献进行Meta分析。 结果 共纳入35个横断面研究，包括40 210例研究对象。我国护士付出-回报失衡的发生率为54.5%[95%CI (48.7%~60.3%)]。亚组分析结果显示，从时间来看，我国护士付出-回报失衡的发生率不断提高；从地域来看，北京、山东、河南护士付出-回报失衡发生率相对更高；从科室和医院等级来看，急诊、手术室和社区医院护士付出-回报失衡发生率相对更高（均P＜0.05）。 结论 我国护士付出-回报失衡的发生率较高，不同特征护士差异显著，医院管理者应积极采取措施有效防止和降低护士付出-回报失衡现象的出现。

Objective To conduct a systematic review of the incidence of effort-reward imbalance among Chinese nurses,and to provide theoretical references for the nurse team construction.Methods Cross-sectional studies on the incidence of effort-reward imbalance among Chinese nurses were retrieved from domestic and foreign databases such as CNKI,Wanfang,and PubMed.The search period was from the inception to December 2023.Meta-analysis was conducted on the included literature using Stata17.1.Results A total of 35 cross-sectional studies were included,involving 40,210 subjects.The incidence of effort-reward imbalance among Chinese nurses was 54.5%[95%CI (48.7%-60.3%)].Subgroup analysis results showed that the incidence of effort-reward imbalance among Chinese nurses increased over time.Geographically,the incidence was relatively higher in Beijing,Shandong,and Henan while in terms of department and hospital level,the incidence was relatively higher among nurses in emergency department,operating rooms,and community hospitals(all P＜0.05).Conclusions The incidence of effort-reward imbalance among Chinese nurses is relatively high,and there are significant differences among nurses with different characteristics.Hospital administrators should take active measures to effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of effort-reward imbalance among nurses.

R47

国家中医药管理局科技司浙江省中医药管理局共建项目（GZY-ZJ-KJ-23062）；浙江省基础公益研究计划项目（LTGY23H270005）