目的 系统评价癌症患者味嗅觉改变评估工具的方法学质量与测量学属性，为工具选择提供循证依据。方法 检索CINAHL、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、中国知网、维普、万方及中国生物医学文献数据库，时限为建库至2025年5月2日。由2名研究者独立完成文献筛选与数据提取，遵循健康测量工具选择的共识标准（consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement tools，COSMIN）指南要求，依次采用COSMIN偏倚风险评价清单和良好测量属性COSMIN标准进行质量评价，使用改良版定量系统评价证据分级方法形成最终的证据等级和推荐意见。结果 纳入12篇研究，涉及9种工具，均未报告跨文化效度和测量误差，其余测量学属性证据等级为高及以下。2个工具评为A级推荐、3个工具评为B级推荐、4个工具评为C级推荐。结论 综合量表的适用范围与测量性能，推荐应用化疗导致味觉改变量表评估癌症患者的味觉改变。未来应加强嗅觉维度整合及跨文化调适研究，以提升评估的科学性与本土适用性。

Objective To systematically evaluate the methodological quality and measurement properties of assessment tools for taste and smell alterations in cancer patients, providing an evidence-based basis for tool selection. Methods CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, and CBM were searched from inception to May 2, 2025. 2 reviewers independently performed literature screening and data extraction. Following the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Tools (COSMIN) guideline, quality assessment was conducted using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist and the COSMIN criteria for good measurement properties. The modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to establish the final evidence level and recommendations.Results 12 studies involving 9 tools were included. None reported cross-cultural validity or measurement error. For other measurement properties, the level of evidence was high or lower. 2 tools were rated as Grade A recommendation, 3 as Grade B, and 4 as Grade C.Conclusions Considering the applicability and measurement performance of the scales, the chemotherapy-induced taste alteration scale(CiTAS) is recommended for assessing taste alterations in cancer patients. Future research should focus on integrating the olfactory dimension and conducting cross-cultural adaptation studies to enhance the scientific validity and local applicability of the assessments.

R473.73

浙江省卫生健康科技计划项目（2022KY102）