目的 探讨社会参与对社区随迁老人抑郁情绪的影响及其作用机制，为社区护理人员开展心理护理、提升随迁老人心理健康提供依据。方法 2024年3-6月，采用便利抽样法选取河南省某市4个社区的218名随迁老人作为研究对象，采用社会参与问卷、流调中心抑郁量表、孤独感量表和简版自我感知老化量表对其进行横断面调查。结果 社会参与显著负向预测随迁老人抑郁情绪（β=-0.101，P=0.041）；孤独感在社会参与与抑郁情绪间起部分中介作用，直接效应值为-0.101（95%CI：-0.004~-0.101），间接效应值为-0.124（95%CI：-0.216~-0.030），总效应值为-0.225（95%CI：-0.094~-0.225），间接效应占总效应的55.111%；自我感知老化调节了孤独感与抑郁情绪的关系（β=0.104，P=0.045）。结论 社会参与可通过孤独感影响随迁老人的抑郁情绪，且自我感知老化对该作用后半段路径存在调节作用。积极自我感知老化可缓冲孤独感对随迁老人抑郁情绪的负面影响。本研究揭示了社会参与与社区随迁老人抑郁情绪的关系及其作用机制，为社区护理人员制订针对性护理干预策略、缓解社区随迁老人抑郁情绪具有一定启示作用。

Objective To examine the impact of social participation on depression in community-dwelling migrant elderly and its underlying mechanisms,providing a basis for community nurses to implement psychological care and improve the mental health of migrant elderly.Methods From March to June 2024,a convenience sample of 218 migrant elderly individuals from 4 communities in a city in Henan was selected.A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the Social Participation Questionnaire,the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale,the Loneliness Scale,and the Brief Aging Self-Perception Scale.Results Social participation significantly negatively predicted depressive symptoms in migrant elderly (β=-0.101,P=0.041).Loneliness played a partial mediating role between social participation and depressive symptoms,with a direct effect value of -0.101 (95%CI:-0.004 to -0.101),an indirect effect value of -0.124(95%CI:-0.216 to -0.030),and a total effect value of -0.225 (95%CI:-0.094 to -0.225).The indirect effect accounted for 55.111% of the total effect.Self-perception of aging moderated the relationship between loneliness and depressive symptoms (β=0.104,P=0.045).Conclusions Social participation can influence depression in migrant elderly through loneliness,and self-perception of aging moderates the latter half of this pathway.A positive self-perception of aging can buffer the negative impact of loneliness on depression in the population.This study reveals the relationship between social participation and depression in community-dwelling migrant elderly and its mechanisms,offering insights for community nurses to develop targeted nursing intervention strategies to alleviate such symptoms in this population.

R473.59

河南省重点研发与推广专项（科技攻关）项目（252102320193；262102320326）；河南省重点研发与推广专项（软科学）项目（262400410409）；2025年开封市科技发展计划科技攻关项目（2503025）