目的探讨安宁疗护志愿者动机的潜在类别及影响因素,为志愿者组织招募、培训和管理提供参考。方法 2024年10－11月,采用便利抽样法选取上海市、杭州市、苏州市、南京市4个城市的326名安宁疗护志愿者为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、中文版志愿功能清单(volunteer functions inventory,VFI)和社会支持评定量表对其进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析和二元Logistic回归分析确定潜在类别及影响因素。结果安宁疗护志愿者动机可分为“成长认同-志愿服务动机一般型(52.62%)”“志愿服务动机充足型(47.38%)”2个潜在剖面类别,其影响因素包括出生地、月经济收入、自评性格和支持利用度(均P<0.05)。结论安宁疗护志愿者动机水平具有异质性;志愿者组织可根据其不同剖面的分类特征,实施个性化、针对性的干预和支持措施,以提高志愿者参与志愿服务动机水平,从而推动服务队伍的建设与壮大。

Objective To explore the latent categories of motivation among hospice care volunteers and their influencing factors,providing reference for the recruitment,training,and management of volunteer organizations.Methods From October to November 2024,326 hospice care volunteers from 4 cities:Shanghai,Hangzhou,Suzhou,and Nanjing,were selected by convenience sampling and surveyed using a general information questionnaire,the Chinese version of the volunteer functions inventory (VFI),and the social support rating scale.Latent profile analysis and binary logistic regression were employed to identify latent categories and influencing factors.Results The motivation of hospice care volunteers could be classified into 2 latent profile categories:“growth-identification with moderate volunteer service motivation” (52.62%) and “adequate volunteer service motivation” (47.38%).The influencing factors included place of birth,monthly income,self-rated personality,and support utilization (all P<0.05).Conclusions The motivation level among hospice care volunteers is heterogeneous.Volunteer organizations can implement personalized and targeted intervention and support measures based on the classification characteristics of different profiles,thereby enhancing volunteers’ motivation to participate in service activities and promoting the development and expansion of the service team.

R47-05

国家自然科学基金(72074164)