目的 构建卵巢癌减瘤术患者术前预康复过程护理敏感指标体系,为患者院前至入院分层护理提供依据。方法 2025年7-9月,采用目的抽样选取上海市某妇产科专科医院妇科肿瘤病区的6名医师和11名护士为访谈对象,对其进行半结构式访谈,结合宣教单、随访记录,运用主题分析法归纳实施障碍、促进因素和可监测过程,据此提炼卵巢癌减瘤术患者术前预康复过程护理敏感指标与随访触点。结果 形成预康复价值认可但需转化为当日任务、症状波动与照护资源影响依从性、支持环节与跨学科协作影响执行连续性、最小指标集与分层触点有助于闭环管理4个主题;构建了包含运动、营养、心理训练和通用过程4类的14项指标及T0~T4随访脚本。结论 构建的护理敏感指标体系可指导卵巢癌减瘤术患者术前预康复,评估术前准备质量。

Objective To construct a indicator system of nursing-sensitive for the preoperative prehabilitation process in patients undergoing ovarian cancer debulking surgery, so as to provide evidence for hierarchical nursing from pre-hospital to admission. Methods From July to September 2025, purposive sampling was adopted to recruit 6 physicians and 11 nurses from the gynecological oncology ward of a specialized obstetrics and gynecology hospital in Shanghai. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Combined with health education leaflets and follow-up records, thematic analysis was used to summarize implementation barriers, facilitating factors and monitorable processes, so as to extract nursing-sensitive indicators and follow-up touch points for the preoperative prehabilitation process of patients undergoing ovarian cancer debulking surgery. Results Four themes were summarized, namely the value of prehabilitation needed to be transformed into executable tasks, symptoms and care resources leading to a fluctuating trajectory of patient compliance, multidisciplinary consensus and responsibility boundaries affecting continuous support, and the minimum indicator set and hierarchical touch points contributing to closed-loop management. A system with 14 indicators covering four categories including exercise, nutrition, psychological training and general process were constructed, together with T0-T4 follow-up protocols. Conclusions The constructed nursing-sensitive indicator system can guide prehabilitation interventions and evaluate the quality of preoperative preparation, which can also help nurses timely identify causes of program interruption.

R473.73

上海市卫生健康委员会卫生行业临床研究专项立项项目(202340048)