目的 系统整合急性心肌梗死患者就医延迟原因的质性研究,为临床制订精准化干预提供参考。方法 系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文摘数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、CINAHL、Embase、the Cochrane Library和PsycINFO数据库中有关急性心肌梗死患者就医延迟的质性研究,检索时间为各数据库建库至2025年9月15日。结果 共纳入文献13篇,提炼出29个研究结果,归纳出10个类别,形成3个整合结果,即AMI患者个体层面的认知与行为障碍、家庭与社会层面支持不足和医疗系统障碍及救治流程延迟。结论 急性心肌梗死患者就医延迟是患者个体、家庭社会及医疗系统多层因素交互作用的结果,医护人员应制订涵盖健康宣教、心理疏导与医疗系统优化的综合性干预方案,提升患者疾病认知与应对能力,加强社会支持网络,从而缩短就医延迟时间。

Objective To systematically integrate qualitative studies on the reasons for medical care delay in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI),so as to provide references for formulating targeted clinical intervention strategies.Methods A systematic retrieval was conducted in CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP Database,China Biomedical Literature Database,PubMed,Web of Science,CINAHL,Embase,the Cochrane Library and PsycINFO.The retrieval time span was from the inceptions to September 15,2025.Results A total of 13 literatures were included.Twenty-nine findings were extracted,which were summarized into 10 categories and finally formed 3 integrated results,namely cognitive and behavioral barriers at the individual level of AMI patients,insufficient support at the family and social level,as well as healthcare system barriers and treatment process delay.Conclusions Care-seeking delay in AMI patients results from the interaction of multiple factors involving individual,family-social and healthcare system levels.Medical staff should develop comprehensive intervention programs covering health education,psychological counseling and healthcare system optimization,improve patients' disease cognition and coping capacity,and strengthen the social support network,so as to shorten the time of care-seeking delay.

R472.2