目的 调查中青年HIV/AIDS患者失志现状,分析社会支持在歧视知觉与失志之间的中介作用。方法 2024年4-10月,便利抽样法选取成都市某三级甲等传染病医院就诊的中青年HIV/AIDS患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、中文版失志量表、歧视知觉量表、中文版领悟社会支持量表对其进行调查。采用结构方程模型检验社会支持在歧视知觉与失志之间的中介作用。结果 共纳入306例患者,中青年HIV/AIDS患者的失志总分为(53.23±12.04)分。失志与歧视知觉(r=0.219~0.433,P<0.01)呈正相关、社会支持(r=-0.647~-0.340,P<0.01)呈负相关;歧视知觉与社会支持(r=-0.422~-0.243,P<0.01)呈负相关。社会支持在歧视知觉和失志之间起部分中介作用,中介效应值为0.263(P<0.001),占总效应的54.23%。结论 护理人员应为中青年HIV/AIDS患者提供情感支持并引导其积极适应与融入社会,降低其歧视知觉,进而缓解失志情况,整体提升其心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the current status of demoralization among young and middle-aged people living with HIV/AIDS and to analyze the mediating role of social support between perceived discrimination and demoralization. Methods From April to October 2024,young and middle-aged people living with HIV/AIDS attending a tertiary A infectious disease hospital in Chengdu were selected by convenience sampling and surveyed using a general information questionnaire,the demoralization scale-Mandarin version (DS-MV),the self-stigma scale,and the Chinese version of the perceived social support scale.Structural equation modeling was employed to test the mediating effect of social support between perceived discrimination and demoralization.Results A total of 306 patients were included.The total demoralization score of young and middle-aged HIV/AIDS patients was (53.23±12.04).Demoralization was positively correlated with perceived discrimination (r=0.219-0.433,P<0.01) and negatively correlated with social support (r=-0.647--0.340,P<0.01);perceived discrimination was negatively correlated with social support (r=-0.422--0.243,P<0.01).Social support played a partial mediating role between perceived discrimination and demoralization,with a mediating effect value of 0.263 (P<0.001),accounting for 54.23% of the total effect.Conclusions Nursing staff should provide emotional support for young and middle-aged people living with HIV/AIDS and guide them to actively adapt to and integrate into society,thereby reducing their perceived discrimination,alleviating demoralization,and improving their overall mental health.

R473.51

成都市医学科研课题(2024453)；四川性社会学与性教育研究中心项目(SXJYB2404)