目的 探讨甲状腺相关性眼病(thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy,TAO)患者的自我管理行为现状及其影响因素,为提升其自我管理行为提供依据。方法 2025年2月至2026年3月采用便利抽样法选取某院眼科就诊的TAO患者205例为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、慢性病自我管理行为量表、社会支持量表、疾病进展恐惧问卷简表、生命意义感量表对其进行调查,并分析自我管理行为现状及其影响因素。结果 TAO患者的自我管理行为得分为(18.54±7.30)分,不同受教育水平、眼压的TAO患者自我管理行为得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。TAO患者的社会支持、疾病进展恐惧、生命意义感总分分别是(36.57±9.10)、(33.82±9.50)、(43.48±11.58)分,与自我管理行为均呈正相关,相关系数(r值)分别是0.269、0.492、0.487。受教育程度、眼压、社会支持、疾病进展恐惧、生命意义感是TAO患者自我管理行为的影响因素(均P<0.05),共解释总变异的58.5%。结论 TAO患者的自我管理行为处于较低水平,良好的社会支持、积极的生命意义感以及特定水平的疾病恐惧,是促进其有效自我管理的关键要素。

Objective To investigate the current status of self-management behaviors and their influencing factors in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO),so as to provide evidence for improving their self-management behaviors.Methods From February 2025 to March 2026,a total of 205 TAO patients attending the ophthalmology clinic of a hospital were selected by convenience sampling.They were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire,the Self-Management Behavior Scale for Chronic Diseases,the Social Support Scale,the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form,and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire.The current status of self-management behaviors and their influencing factors were analyzed.Results The self-management behavior score of TAO patients was (18.54±7.30).The scores differed significantly among TAO patients with different educational levels and intraocular pressures (all P<0.001).The total scores of social support,fear of progression,and meaning in life were (36.57±9.10),(33.82±9.50),and (43.48±11.58),respectively,all of which were positively correlated with self-management behaviors,with correlation coefficients of 0.269,0.492,and 0.487,respectively.Educational level,intraocular pressure,social support,fear of progression,and meaning in life were influencing factors of self-management behaviors in TAO patients(P<0.05),jointly explaining 58.5% of the total variance.Conclusions The self-management behaviors of TAO patients are at a low level.Adequate social support,a positive sense of meaning in life,and an appropriate level of fear of progression are key elements in promoting effective self-management.

R473.58;R473.77

国家自然科学基金青年项目(82301258)；上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院护理院级基金项目(JYHL2024ZD03-Z2)；上海交通大学医学院护理学科青年人才项目(SJTUHLXK2024)