目的 系统分析吞咽肌群抗阻训练的类别及其在吞咽障碍患者中干预方式、训练参数等,为制订有效、安全的康复方案提供依据。方法 检索Pubmed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方等9大数据库中吞咽肌群抗阻训练在吞咽障碍患者中应用的相关研究,并对数据进行提取和分析,检索时限为各数据库建库至2024年8月24日。结果 共纳入15篇文献,吞咽肌群抗阻训练主要分为无辅助工具训练法与借助辅助工具训练法两大类别。该训练常与其他吞咽康复方法进行联合应用;干预周期和频率多为4~8周,5~7次/周,但在训练强度方面尚无明显趋势;结局指标中,吞咽功能、吞咽生理学改变、摄食能力、并发症发生率以及生活质量等被广泛关注。结论 吞咽肌群抗阻训练在不同类型吞咽障碍患者的治疗中均展现出了应用价值,未来研究应聚焦于制订更加科学合理的抗阻方案。

Objective To systematically analyze the categories of resistance training for swallowing muscles,as well as the intervention methods and training parameters applied in patients with dysphagia,so as to provide evidence for developing effective and safe rehabilitation protocols.Methods A systematic search was conducted in nine databases,including PubMed,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and Wanfang Database,for studies on the application of resistance training for swallowing muscles in patients with dysphagia.Data were extracted and analyzed.The search covered the period from the inception of each database to August 24,2024.Results A total of 15 studies were included.Resistance training for swallowing muscles was categorized into two major types:training without assistive devices and device-assisted training.This training was often combined with other swallowing rehabilitation approaches.The intervention duration and frequency were mostly 4?8 weeks and 5?7 sessions per week;however,no clear trend was observed regarding training intensity.Outcome measures received extensive attention,including swallowing function,physiological changes in swallowing,feeding ability,incidence of complications,and quality of life.Conclusions Resistance training for swallowing muscles has demonstrated application value in the treatment of various types of dysphagia.Future research should focus on developing more scientific and rational resistance training protocols.

R473.3

山西省"四个一批"科技兴医创新计划项目(2023MX007)